Lightning and Surges Concordance
Lightning and Surges
Section titled “Lightning and Surges”Concordance status: generated from processed OCR/PDF text. Treat these as source-location aids until each passage is checked against the scan.
648 hits
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12 sources
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70 sections
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Matched Aliases
Section titled “Matched Aliases”arrester, arresters, impulse, impulses, lightning, surge, surges
Source Distribution
Section titled “Source Distribution”| Source | Hits | Sections |
|---|---|---|
| General Lectures on Electrical Engineering | 271 | 6 |
| Theory and Calculation of Transient Electric Phenomena and Oscillations | 111 | 22 |
| Elementary Lectures on Electric Discharges, Waves and Impulses, and Other Transients | 104 | 10 |
| Elementary Lectures on Electric Discharges, Waves and Impulses, and Other Transients | 98 | 10 |
| Theory and Calculation of Electric Circuits | 21 | 5 |
| Engineering Mathematics: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Union College | 14 | 5 |
| Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena | 9 | 4 |
| Radiation, Light and Illumination | 7 | 1 |
| Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena | 5 | 3 |
| Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena | 4 | 2 |
| Theoretical Elements of Electrical Engineering | 3 | 1 |
| Theory and Calculation of Electric Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
Section Hits
Section titled “Section Hits”Representative Source Snippets
Section titled “Representative Source Snippets”Lecture 17: Arc Lighting - 169 hit(s)
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... hing has yet been done in this direction systematically and intelligently, but all has been done by trial which at the best usually means producing more light than necessary, and throw- ing away the excess of diffused light by absorption. APPENDIX II LIGHTNING AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION Paper read before the Annual Convention of the National Electric Light Association, 1907. Revised to date. L LIGHTNING PHENOMENA IN THE CLOUDS. /n^ HE first man who attacked the problem of lightning and I lightning protectio ...Lecture 11: Lightning Protection - 84 hit(s)
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ELEVENTH LECTURE LIGHTNING PROTECTION W"~l HEN the first telegraph circuits were strung across the country, lightning protection became necessary, and ■^ was given to these circuits at the station by connecting spark gaps between the circuit conductors and the ground. When, how ...Lecture 8: Traveling Waves - 32 hit(s)
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... = ^6-^«'sin2(0Ta>-7), (2) and the average power flow is Po = avg p, (3) = 0. Hence, in a stationary oscillation, or standing wave of a uni- form circuit, the average flow of power, po, is zero, and no power flows along the circuit, but there is a surge of power, of double frequency. That is, power flows first one way, during one-quarter cycle, and then in the opposite direction, during the next quarter- cycle, etc. Such a transient wave thus is analogous to the permanent wave of reactive power. As i ...Lecture 8: Traveling Waves - 32 hit(s)
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... = ^|V2«<sin2(c/>=Fco-7), (2) and the average power flow is Po = avg p, (3) = 0. Hence, in a stationary oscillation, or standing wave of a uni- form circuit, the average flow of power, p0, is zero, and no power flows along the circuit, but there is a surge of power, of double frequency. That is, power flows first one way, during one-quarter cycle, and then in the opposite direction, during the next quarter- cycle, etc. Such a transient wave thus is analogous to the permanent wave of reactive power. As i ...Chapter 5: Distributed Series Capacity - 24 hit(s)
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... elements of the circuit are short enough so as to be represented, approximately, as conductor differentials, the circuit constitutes a circuit with distributed series capacity. An illustration of such a circuit' is afforded by the so-called " multi-gap lightning arrester," as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 90, which consists of a large number of metal cylinders p, q . . . , with small spark gaps between the cylinders, connected between line L and ground G. This arrangement, Fig. 90, can be represented diagrammati ...Lecture 10: Continual And Cumulative Oscillations - 16 hit(s)
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... ulative oscillation thus involves an energy and frequency transformation, from the low-frequency or con- tinuous-current energy of the power supply of the system to the high-frequency energy of the oscillation. 119 120 ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES This energy transformation may be brought about by the transient of energy readjustment, resulting from a change of circuit conditions, producing again a change of circuit conditions and thereby an energy readjustment by transient, etc. For instance, i ...Chapter 2: Long-Distance Transmission Line - 15 hit(s)
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CHAPTER II. LONG-DISTANCE TRANSMISSION LINE. 3. If an electric impulse is sent into a conductor, as a trans- mission line, this impulse travels along the line at the velocity of light (approximately), or 188,000 miles per second. If the line is open at the other end, the impulse there is reflected and returns at the same vel ...Lecture 7: Line Oscillations - 12 hit(s)
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LECTURE VII. LINE OSCILLATIONS. 28. In a circuit containing inductance and capacity, the tran- sient consists of a periodic component, by which the stored energy surges between magnetic — and dielectric — , and a transient component, by which the total stored energy decreases. Considering only the periodic component, the maximum value of magnetic energy must equal the maximum value of dielectric '^'^e^gy- Li„^ Ce, ...Lecture 7: Line Oscillations - 12 hit(s)
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LECTURE VII. LINE OSCILLATIONS. 28. In a circuit containing inductance and capacity, the tran- sient consists of a periodic component, by which the stored energy 7" /j'2 f^ r/>2 surges between magnetic -^- and dielectric — , and a transient £i A component, by which the total stored energy decreases. Considering only the periodic component, the maximum mag- netic energy must equal the maximum dielectric energy, Lio2 _ Ceo2 "2" ~2~' ...Lecture 4: Single-Energy Transients In Alternating Current Circuits - 11 hit(s)
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... the change occurs at the moment when the two currents ii and 12 have the greatest difference, as shown in Fig. 15C, that is, at a point one-quarter period or 90 degrees distant from the intersec- tion of ii and 12. 32 ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES. If the current ii is zero, we get the starting of the alternating current in an inductive circuit, as shown in Figs. 16, A, B,C. The starting transient is zero, if the circuit is closed at the moment when the permanent current would be zero (Fig. 165), ...Lecture 4: Single-Energy Transients In Alternating Current Circuits - 11 hit(s)
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... if the change occurs at the moment when the two currents i\ and iz have the greatest difference, that is, at a point one-quarter period or 90 degrees distant from the intersection of i\ and 12, as shown in Fig. 15C. 32 ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES. If the current ii is zero, we get the starting of the alternating current in an inductive circuit, as shown in Figs. 16, A, B, C. The starting transient is zero, if the circuit is closed at the moment when the permanent current would be zero (Fig. 16B) ...Chapter 7: Distribution Of Alternating-Current Density In Conductor - 11 hit(s)
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... ductor, as for instance iron wires in high potential transmissions for branch lines of smaller power, or steel cables for long spans in transmission lines. (3) In the rail return of single-phase railways. (4) When carrying very high frequencies, such as lightning discharges, high frequency oscillations. In the last two cases, which probably are of the greatest impor- tance, the unequal current distribution usually is such that practically no current exists at the conductor center, and the effective resistance of ...Lecture 10: Inductance And Capacity Of Round Parallel Conductors - 10 hit(s)
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... foci) inside of the con- ductors, as shown in Fig. 9, page 11. With more than one return conductor, and with phase displacement between the return currents, as in a three-phase three-wire circuit, the path of the 119 'iJBLtiGTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES. lines of force is still more complicated, and varies during the cyclic change of current. The calculation of such more complex magnetic and dielectric fields becomes simple, however, by the method of superposition of fields. As long as the magnetic a ...Lecture 6: Double-Energy Transients - 9 hit(s)
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... rgy storage by the cur- rent, r = resistance = coefficient of power dissipation by the current. If the energy is stored by the voltage e, as dielectric field, the duration of the transient would be TV - -, (3) g 59 60 ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES. where C = capacity = coefficient of energy storage by the volt- age, in the dielectric field, and g = conductance = coefficient of power consumption by the voltage, as leakage conductance by the voltage, corona, dielectric hysteresis, etc. Thus the tr ...Lecture 6: Double-Energy Transients - 9 hit(s)
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... gy storage by the cur- rent, r = resistance = coefficient of power dissipation by the current. If the energy is stored by the voltage e, as dielectric field, the duration of the transient would be TJ = -, (3) s/ 59 60 ELECTRIC DISCHARGES, WAVES AND IMPULSES. where C = capacity = coefficient of energy storage by the volt- age, in the dielectric field, and g = conductance = coefficient of power consumption by the voltage, as leakage conductance by the voltage, corona, dielectric hysteresis, etc. Thus the tr ...Lecture 7: High Frequency Oscillations And Surges - 9 hit(s)
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SEVENTH LECTURE HIGH FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS AND SURGES 1"^ N an electric circuit, in addition to the power consump- tion by the resistance of the lines, an energy storage ■^ occurs as electrostatic energy, or electrostatic charge due to the voltage on the line (capacity) ; and as electromag- netic energy, ...Chapter 9: High-Frequency Conductors - 9 hit(s)
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CHAPTER IX. HIGH-FREQUENCY CONDUCTORS. 80. As the result of the phenomena discussed in the preceding chapters, conductors intended to convey currents of very high frequency, as lightning discharges, high frequency oscillations of transmission lines, the currents used in wireless telegraphy, etc., cannot be calculated by the use of the constants derived at low frequency, but effective resistance and inductance, and therewith the power cons ...Chapter 3: The Natural Period Of The Transmission Line - 8 hit(s)
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... of the long distance transmission line given in the preceding chapter can be made to the determination of the natural period of a transmis- sion line; that is, the frequency at which such a line discharges an accumulated charge of atmospheric electricity (lightning), or oscillates because of a sudden change of load, as a break of circuit, or in general a change of circuit conditions, as closing the circuit, etc. The discharge of a condenser through a circuit containing self- inductance and resistance is oscillatin ...