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Chapter 3: Trigonometric Series

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FieldValue
SourceEngineering Mathematics: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Union College
Year1911
Section IDengineering-mathematics-chapter-03
Locationlines 6064-15155
Statuscandidate
Word Count18269
Equation Candidates In Section0
Figure Candidates In Section5
Quote Candidates In Section0
CHAPTER HI. TRIGONOMETRIC SERIES. A. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS. 66. For the engineer, and especially the electrical engineer, a perfect familiarity with the trigonometric functions and trigonometric formulas is almost as essential as familiarity with the multiplication table. To use trigonometric methods efficiently, it is not sufficient to understand trigonometric formulas enough to be able to look them up when required, but they must be learned by heart, and in both directions; that is, an expression similar to the left side of a trigonometric for- mula must immediately recall the right side, and an expression similar to the right side must immediately recall the left side of the formula. Trigonometric functions are defined on the circle, and on the right triangle. Let in the circle, Fig. 28, the direction to the right and upward be considered as
... important periodic functions in electrical engineering are the alternating currents and e.m.fs. Usually they are, in first approximation, represented by a single trigo- nometric function, as : i = io cos {O—ix))] or, e = eo sin (d—d); that is, they are assumed as sine waves. 108 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS. f ■ . Theoretically, obviously this condition can never be perfectly attained, and frequently the deviation from sine shape is suffi- cient to require practical consideration/ especially in those cases, where the electric circuit contain ...
... em, the equa- tion : e = eo{sin ^-0.12 sin (3<9- 2. 3°) -0.23 sin (5^-1.5°) +0.13 sin (7^-6. 2°)1. . (1) In first approximation, the line capacity may be considered as a condenser shunted across the middle of the line; that is, half the line resistance and half the line reactance is in series with the line capacity. As the receiving apparatus do not utilize the higher har- monics of the generator wave, when using the old generators, their voltage has to be transformed up so as to give the first harmonic or fundamental of 44,000 volts. 44,000 volt ...
... condition of an electric circuit, as a change of load; or, disturbances entering the circuit from the outside or originating in it, etc. Periodic phenomena are the alternating currents and voltages, pulsating currents as those produced by rectifiers, the distribution of the magnetic flux in the air-gap of a machine, or the distribution of voltage around the commutator of the direct-current machine, the motion of the piston in the steam-engine cylinder, the variation of the. mean daily temperature with the seasons of the year, etc. The characteristic o ...
... hence, its effective value is 5.07 V2 3.58, while the effective value of the total generator wave, that is, the. square root of the mean squares of the instanta- neous values y, is e = 30.5, thus the 11th harmonic is 11.8 per cent of the total voltage, and whether such a harmonic is safe or not, can now be deter- mined from the circuit constants, more particularly its resist- ance. 82. In general, the successive harmonics decrease; that is, with increasing n, the values of an and bn become smaller, and when calculating a^ and hn by ...
Concept CandidateHits In SectionStatus
Ether18seeded
Magnetic permeability7seeded
Frequency5seeded
Light4seeded
Radiation1seeded
Term CandidateHits In SectionStatus
ether18seeded
electrostatic capacity1source-located candidate
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engineering-mathematics-fig-046of the exactness of the results resulting from the limited num- FiG. 46. ber of numerical values of i, on which the calculation is based.line 11540
engineering-mathematics-fig-047able to supply the charging current of the line, due to the Fig. 47. wave shape distortion, more than two generators are required.line 12032
engineering-mathematics-fig-048purposes, as short-distance distribution. Fig. 48. In Figs. 47 and 48 are plotted the voltage wave and the current wave, from equations (9) and (14) repsectively, andline 12041
engineering-mathematics-fig-049As seen from Fig. 49, the fundamental wave has practically Fig. 49. vanished, and the voltage wave is the seventh harmonic, modi-line 12109
engineering-mathematics-fig-057?ro (62) Fig. 57. Substituting (61) into (62) gives,line 13829
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  • Waves / transmission lines: Map Steinmetz’s wave and line language onto modern distributed constants, propagation velocity, standing waves, and reflections.
  • Impedance / reactance: Translate historical opposition terms into modern impedance, admittance, conductance, susceptance, and complex-plane notation.
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  • Dielectricity / capacity: Check whether the passage treats capacity, condensers, displacement, or dielectric stress as field storage rather than only circuit algebra.
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  • Dielectricity / capacity: A Wheeler-style reading may emphasize dielectric compression, field stress, and stored potential, but this page treats that as interpretation unless Steinmetz explicitly says it.
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