Illumination Concordance
Illumination
Section titled “Illumination”Concordance status: generated from processed OCR/PDF text. Treat these as source-location aids until each passage is checked against the scan.
983 hits
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5 sources
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21 sections
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Matched Aliases
Section titled “Matched Aliases”Illumination, candle power, candle-power, illuminant, illuminants, illuminating, illumination
Source Distribution
Section titled “Source Distribution”| Source | Hits | Sections |
|---|---|---|
| Radiation, Light and Illumination | 805 | 13 |
| General Lectures on Electrical Engineering | 170 | 4 |
| Engineering Mathematics: A Series of Lectures Delivered at Union College | 5 | 1 |
| Theory and Calculation of Electric Circuits | 2 | 2 |
| Theory and Calculation of Electric Apparatus | 1 | 1 |
Section Hits
Section titled “Section Hits”Representative Source Snippets
Section titled “Representative Source Snippets”Lecture 12: Illumination And Illuminating Engineering - 242 hit(s)
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LECTURE XII. ILLUMINATION AND ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING. 110. Artificial light is used for the purpose of seeing and distinguishing objects clearly and comfortably when the day- light fails. The problem of artificial lighting thus comprises con- sideration of the source of light o ...Lecture 11: Light Intensity And Illumination - 169 hit(s)
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LECTURE XI. LIGHT INTENSITY AND ILLUMINATION. A. INTENSITY CURVES FOR UNIFORM ILLUMINATION. 102. The distribution of the light flux in space, and thus the illumination, depends on the location of the light sources, and on their distribution curves. The character of the required illumi- nation de ...Lecture 17: Arc Lighting - 124 hit(s)
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... ved. So far only three materials have been found, which in luminous arcs give efficiences vastly superior to incandescence : mercury, calcium (lime), and titanium. All (three even in moderate sized units, give efficiencies of one-half watt or better per candle power. The mercury arc has the advantage of perfect steadiness, a long life — requiring no attention for thousands of hours — ARC LIGHTING 225 and high efficiency over a fairly wide range of candle powers ; but it is seriously handicapped for many purposes ...Lecture 13: Physiological Problems Of Illuminating Engineering - 98 hit(s)
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LECTURE XIII. PHYSIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING. 123. The design of an illumination requires the solution of physiological as well as physical problems. Physical considera- tions, for instance, are the distribution of light-flux intensity throughout the illuminated space, as related to si ...Lecture 3: Physiological Effects Of Radiation - 87 hit(s)
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... CTURE III. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION. Visibility. 20. The most important physiological effect is the visibility of the narrow range of radiation, of less than one octave, between wave length 76 X 10~6 and 39 X 1Q-6. The range of intensity of illumination, over which the eye can see with practically equal comfort, is enormous: the average intensity of illumination at noon of a sunny day is nearly one million times greater than the illumination given by the full moon, and still we can see fairly well in eit ...Lecture 9: Measurement Of Light And Radiation - 52 hit(s)
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... , in the sense in which it is con- sidered photometrically, is not power, but is the physiological effect of certain wave lengths of radiation, and therefore can- not be measured, physically, as power, but only physiologically, 168 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. by comparison with other physiological effects of the same nature. The power of visible radiation obviously can be measured, and thus we can express the power of the visible radiation of a mercury lamp or an incandescent lamp in watts. But the power ...Lecture 10: Light Flux And Distribution - 45 hit(s)
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LECTURE X. LIGHT FLUX AND DISTRIBUTION. 86. The light flux of an illuminant is its total radiation power, in physiological measure. It therefore is the useful output of the illuminant, and the efficiency of an illuminant thus is the ratio of the total light flux divided by the power input. In general, the distribution of the li ...Lecture 16: The Incandescent Lamp - 33 hit(s)
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SIXTEENTH LECTURE THE INCANDESCENT LAMP mHE two main types of electric illuminants are the in- candescent lamp and the arc. In the incandescent lamp the current flows through a solid conductor, usually in a vacuum, and the heat produced in the resistance of the conductor makes it incandescent, thus giving the light. Incandescent lamps ...Lecture 2: Relation Of Bodies To Radiation - 22 hit(s)
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... cific effects of the component radiations, as the physiologically harm- ful action of an ultra-violet component of light, still remain, even if the eye does not see the components, and in the study of radia- tion for the purpose of its engineering use for illumination it is therefore necessary to analyze the mixed radiation given by a source as a lamp, by resolving it into its component waves. This is done by using some feature of the radiation which varies with the frequency. Such is the case with the velocity of pr ...Lecture 6: Luminescence - 22 hit(s)
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... the result of slow combustion. With those substances which have an ignition point above incandes- cence, this cannot be observed, but it is observed, for instance, in carbon bisulphide, CS2, which ignites spontaneously at about 96 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. 180 deg. cent., and a few degrees below this temperature phos- phoresces in air, by slow combustion. A biological phosphorescence is shown by many forms of life: some bacilli of putrefaction phosphoresce, and are the cause of the faint glow occasional ...Lecture 5: Temperature Radiation - 21 hit(s)
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... or and thus increasing radiation power, its temperature first rises proportional to the power input and then slower and ultimately approaches proportionality with the fourth root of the power output: 4/p- T =V — • ll V kA 72 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. In Fig. 27 is shown the radiation curve, with the temperatures T as ordinates and the radiated power Pr as abscissas, the upper curve with 100 times the scale of abscissas. Thus, to double the temperature rise from 10 deg. cent, to 20 deg. cent, requ ...Lecture 8: Arc Lamps And Arc Lighting - 19 hit(s)
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... 25 1 0 FIG. 45. arc length, I, we get tor every value of current, i, a practically straight line, as shown for the magnetite arc in Fig. 45, for values of current of 1, 2, 4 and 8 amperes. These lines are steeper 137 138 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. for smaller currents, that is, low-current arcs consume a higher voltage for the same length than high-current arcs, the in- crease being greater the longer the arc. These lines in Fig. 45 intersect in a point which lies at I = — 0.125 cm. = — 0.05 in. ...Lecture 1: General Review - 12 hit(s)
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... rely used, but the voltages of distribution systems in this country are distributed over the whole range, so as to secure best economy of the incan- descent lamp. This condition was brought about by the close co-oper- ation, in this country, between the illuminating com- panies and the manufacturers of incandescent lamps. The constants of an incandescent lamp are the candle power — for instance t6; the economy — for instance 3.1 watts for hori- zontal candle power; and the voltage — for instance no. By careful manuf ...Lecture 7: Flames As Illuminants - 12 hit(s)
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LECTURE VII. FLAMES AS ILLUMINANTS. 56. Two main classes of illuminants exist: those producing radiation by the conversion of the chemical energy of com- bustion— the flames — and those deriving the energy of radia- tion from electric energy — the incandescent lamp and the arc lamp, and ...Lecture 1: Nature And Different Forms Of Radiation - 10 hit(s)
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... y the interception of the rays of the mercury lamp or the rays of the moon. The most conspicuous form of radiation is light, and, therefore, it was in connection with this form that the laws of radiation were first studied. 1 2 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. 2. The first calculations of the velocity of light were made by astronomers in the middle of the eighteenth century, from the observations of the eclipses of the moons of Jupiter. A number of moons revolve around the planet Jupiter, some of them so clos ...Lecture 4: Chemical And Physical Effects Of Radiation - 6 hit(s)
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... a sound wave of the frequency with which it can vibrate, and if the vibration of the silver atom, in response to the frequency of radiation, becomes sufficiently intense, it breaks away from the atom with which it is chemically 64 RADIATION, LIGHT, AND ILLUMINATION. combined in the compound, the silver bromide, etc., and this compound thus splits up, dissociates. The phenomenon, how- ever, must be more complex, as a simple resonance vibration would be especially pronounced at one definite frequency, the frequency ...Chapter 1: The General Number - 5 hit(s)
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... 5 horses -7 horses = -2 horses has no physical meaning. There exist no negative horses, and at the best we could only express the relation by saying, 5 horses -7 horses is impossible, 2 horses are missing. D THE GENERAL NUMBER. In the same way, an illumination of 5 foot-candles, lowered by 3 foot-candles, gives an illumination of 2 foot-candles, thus, . b foot-candles —3 foot-candles = 2 foot-candles. If it is tried to lower the illumination of 5 foot-candles by 7 foot-candles, it will be found impossible; th ...Lecture 2: General Distribution - 1 hit(s)
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... s very low ; and so it can be understood that in the early days, where this arrange- ment was generally used, the financial results of most alternat- ing current distributions were very discouraging. Assuming as an instance a connected load of twenty 16 candle power lamps — low efficiency lamps, of 60 watts per lamp, since (the voltage regulation cannot be very perfect — allowing then in cases of all lamps being used, an overload of 100%, which is rather beyond safe limits, and permissible only on the assumption that ...