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Chapter 15: Constant-Voltage Series Operation

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FieldValue
SourceTheory and Calculation of Electric Circuits
Year1917
Section IDtheory-calculation-electric-circuits-chapter-15
Locationlines 27996-29301
Statuscandidate
Word Count3251
Equation Candidates In Section0
Figure Candidates In Section1
Quote Candidates In Section0
CHAPTER XV CONSTANT-VOLTAGE SERIES OPERATION 166. Where a considerable number of devices, distributed over a large area, and each consuming a small amount of power, are to be operated in the same circuit, low- voltage supply — 110 or 220 volts — usually is not feasible, due to the distances, and high- voltage distribution — ^2300 volts — with individual step-down transformers at the consuming devices, usually is uneconomical, due to the small power consumption of each device. In such a case, series connection of the devices is the most eco- nomical arrangement, and therefore conmionly used. Such for instance is the case in lighting the streets of a city, etc. Most of the street lighting has been done by arc lamps operated on constant-current circuits, and as the imiversal electric power supply today is
... unctures and puts the second lamp in circuit. However, in general such arrange- ment is too complicated for use. As practically all such circuits would be alternating-current circuits, and thus alternating currents only need to be considered, the question arises, whether a reactance shunting each lamp would not give the desired effect. Suppose each lamp, of resist- ance, r, is shunted by a reactance, x, which is sufficiently large not to withdraw too much current from the lamp: assuming the cur- rent shunted by x is 20 per cent, of the current in the la ...
... improved, by the line and leakage reactance, from g = 4 per cent, to 5 = 1.5 per cent, as seen in Fig. 127. 163. In paragraph 161 and the preceding, the shunted react- ances, 61 and 62, have been assumed as constant and independent of p. However, with the change of p, the wave-shape distortion between current and voltage changes, as with increasing p, more and more saturated reactors are thrown into the circuit and dis- tort the current wave. As 61 is shunted by gf, and carries a small part of the current only, and g is non-inductive, the change ...
... the lamp terminals, by p per cent., gives a variation of current of about 0.6p per cent., and thus a variation 297 298 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS of power of about l.Qp per cent., while a variation of current in the P lamp, by p per cent., gives a variation of voltage of about jr-^ per cent., and thus a variation of power of about (1 + 7r^)p = 2.67 p per cent. Thus, with the increasing use of incandescent lamps for street illumination, series operation in a constant-voltage circuit be- comes of increasing importance. If e = rated voltage, i = ra ...
... ep-down transformers at the consuming devices, usually is uneconomical, due to the small power consumption of each device. In such a case, series connection of the devices is the most eco- nomical arrangement, and therefore conmionly used. Such for instance is the case in lighting the streets of a city, etc. Most of the street lighting has been done by arc lamps operated on constant-current circuits, and as the imiversal electric power supply today is at constant voltage, transformation from constant voltage to constant current thus is of importan ...
Concept CandidateHits In SectionStatus
Light4seeded
Ether3seeded
Arc lamp2seeded
Illumination1seeded
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ether3seeded
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theory-calculation-electric-circuits-fig-127That is, the regulation is improved, by the line and leakage reactance, from g = 4 per cent, to 5 = 1.5 per cent, as seen in Fig. 127. 163. In paragraph 161 and the preceding, t…line 29165
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