Chapter 22: Unipolar Machines
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Source Metadata
Section titled “Source Metadata”| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Source | Theory and Calculation of Electric Apparatus |
| Year | 1917 |
| Section ID | theory-calculation-electric-apparatus-chapter-20 |
| Location | lines 31716-32137 |
| Status | candidate |
| Word Count | 2788 |
| Equation Candidates In Section | 0 |
| Figure Candidates In Section | 1 |
| Quote Candidates In Section | 0 |
Opening Source Excerpt
Section titled “Opening Source Excerpt”CHAPTER XXII UNIPOLAR MACHINES Homopolar or Acyclic Machines 247.. If a conductor, C, revolves around, one pole of a stationary magnet shown as NS in Fig. 215, a continuous voltage is induced in the conductor by its cutting of the lines of magnetic force of the pole, N, and this voltage can be supplied to an external cir- cuit, D, by stationary brushes, Bi and B2) bearing on the ends of the revolving conductor, C. The voltage is: e = /$ 10-8, where / is the number of revolutions per second, $ the magnetic flux of the magnet, cut by the conductor, C. N Fig. 215. — Diagrammatic illustration of unipolar machine with two high- speed collectors. Such a machine is called a unipolar machine, as the conductor during its rotation traverses the same polarity,Source-Located Theme Snippets
Section titled “Source-Located Theme Snippets”Magnetism
Section titled “Magnetism”CHAPTER XXII UNIPOLAR MACHINES Homopolar or Acyclic Machines 247.. If a conductor, C, revolves around, one pole of a stationary magnet shown as NS in Fig. 215, a continuous voltage is induced in the conductor by its cutting of the lines of magnetic force of the pole, N, and this voltage can be supplied to an external cir- cuit, D, by stationary brushes, Bi and B2) bearing on the ends of the revolving conductor, C. The voltage is: e = /$ 10-8, where / is the number of revolutions per second, $ the magnetic flux of ...Field language
Section titled “Field language”... more miles per Fia. 216. — Diagrammatic illustration of unipolar machine with one high- speed collector. minute, which has stood in the way of the commercial intro- duction of unipolar machines. Electromagnetic induction is due to the relative motion of con- ductor and magnetic field, and every electromagnetic device is thus reversible with regards to stationary and rotary elements. Howeyer, the hope of eliminating high-speed collector rings in the unipolar machine, by having the conductor standstill and the magnet revolve, is a fallacy: in Figs. 215 and ...Ether references
Section titled “Ether references”... on- ductor, C, revolves, and the magnet, NS, and the external circuit, D, stands still. The mechanical reversal thus would be, to have the conductor, C, stand still, and the magnet, NS, and the external circuit revolve, and this would leave high-speed current collection. Whether the magnet, NS, stands still or revolves, is immaterial in any case, and the question, whether the lines of force of the magnet are stationary or revolve, if the magnet revolves around its axis, is meaningless. If, with revolving conductor, C, and stationary external circuit ...Radiation / light
Section titled “Radiation / light”... is homopolar machine,* signifying uniformity of polarity, or acyclic machine, signifying absence of any cyclic change: in all other electromagnetic machines, the voltage induced in a con- ductor changes cyclically, and the voltage in each turn is alter- nating, thus having a frequency, even if the terminal voltage and current at the corjimutator are continuous. 450 UNIPOLAR MACHINES 451 By bringing the conductor, C, over the end of the magnet close to the shaft, as shown in Fig. 216, the peripheral speed of motion of brush, J32, on its collector rin ...Chapter-Local Concept Hits
Section titled “Chapter-Local Concept Hits”| Concept Candidate | Hits In Section | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Ether | 6 | seeded |
| Frequency | 1 | seeded |
| Light | 1 | seeded |
| Magnetic permeability | 1 | seeded |
Chapter-Local Glossary Hits
Section titled “Chapter-Local Glossary Hits”| Term Candidate | Hits In Section | Status |
|---|---|---|
| ether | 6 | seeded |
Equation Candidates
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| No chapter-local candidates yet | - | - |
Figure Candidates
Section titled “Figure Candidates”| Candidate ID | OCR / PDF-Text Candidate | Source Location |
|---|---|---|
theory-calculation-electric-apparatus-fig-227 | 262. The unipolar machine may be used :i^ motor as well as generator, and has found some application as motor meter. The general principle of a unipolar meter may be illustrated… | line 32127 |
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Modern Engineering Reading Prompts
Section titled “Modern Engineering Reading Prompts”- Magnetism: Track flux, reluctance, permeability, magnetizing force, and loss language against modern magnetic-circuit terminology.
- Field language: Read for whether field language is mechanical, geometrical, causal, descriptive, or simply a convenient engineering model.
- Ether references: Verify exact wording before drawing conclusions. Ether language must be separated from later interpretive systems.
- Radiation / light: Compare the chapter’s radiation vocabulary with modern electromagnetic radiation, spectral frequency, wavelength, absorption, and illumination engineering.
- Complex quantities: Track how Steinmetz preserves geometric rotation and quadrature while translating the same operation into symbolic form.
Ether-Field Interpretive Boundary
Section titled “Ether-Field Interpretive Boundary”- Magnetism: Centrifugal/divergent magnetic-field readings are interpretive overlays, not automatic historical claims.
- Field language: Field-pressure or field-gradient interpretations can be explored here only after the explicit source passage and modern engineering translation are kept distinct.
- Ether references: If Steinmetz mentions ether, quote only the verified source words first; any broader ether-field synthesis belongs in a labeled interpretive layer.
- Radiation / light: Radiation and wave language can invite ether-field comparison, but source wording, modern radiation theory, and speculative synthesis must stay separated.
Promotion Checklist
Section titled “Promotion Checklist”- Open the full source text and the scan or raw PDF.
- Verify the chapter boundary and surrounding context.
- Promote exact quotations only after checking the source image.
- Move mathematical candidates into canonical equation pages only after formula typography is corrected.
- Move diagram candidates into the diagram archive only after image extraction, crop verification, and manifest creation.
- Keep Steinmetz wording, modern translation, and ether-field interpretation in separate labeled layers.